PHP新手30天實戰金流, Laravel6

前言

參考此平台架構概觀, 測試範例試跑

主要 Model

一個購物平台主要的三個 Model:

1. 用戶
2. 商品
3. 訂單

Model 相關的 Table

商品

產生兩張 table (products, product_skus) 來管理。

1. Product :

   Schema::create('products', function (Blueprint $table) {
           $table->increments('id');
           $table->string('title');
           $table->text('description');
           $table->string('image');
           $table->boolean('on_sale')->default(true);
           $table->float('rating')->default(5);
           $table->unsignedInteger('sold_count')->default(0);
           $table->unsignedInteger('review_count')->default(0);
           $table->decimal('price', 10, 2);
           $table->timestamps();
       });
   

   • 取出庫存：

   public function skus()
   {
       return $this->hasMany(ProductSku::class);
   }
   

2. ProductSku : Stock Keeping Unit,簡稱SKU，定義為保存庫存控制的最小可用單位

   Schema::create('product_skus', function (Blueprint $table) {
           $table->increments('id');
           $table->string('title');
           $table->string('description');
           $table->decimal('price', 10, 2);
           $table->unsignedInteger('stock');
           $table->unsignedInteger('product_id');
           $table->foreign('product_id')->references('id')->on('products')->onDelete('cascade');
           $table->timestamps();
       });
   

   • foreign_key 另外定義; onDelete('cascade') 意思為刪掉 product 其27種規格的庫存也會被刪掉
   • 範例資料：
     
     • 此範例之商品各有三種屬性，因此有27種組合，分別記錄個組合的庫存量。也就是說 product_skus 中的 id 1~27 的 product_id 欄位都是 '1'

3. ProductSkuAttribute : 商品屬性-規格大小顏色

   Schema::create('product_sku_attributes', function (Blueprint $table) {
               $table->increments('id');
               $table->string('name');
               $table->text('items');
               $table->unsignedInteger('product_id');
               $table->foreign('product_id')->references('id')->on('products')->onDelete('cascade');
               $table->timestamps();
           });
   

   • 範例資料：
     

訂單

產生兩張 table (orders, order_iterms) 來管理。

1. Order : 沒有任何商品資訊

   Schema::create('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
           $table->increments('id');
           $table->string('no')->unique();
           $table->unsignedInteger('user_id');
           $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
           $table->text('address');
           $table->decimal('total_amount', 10, 2);
           $table->text('remark')->nullable();
           $table->dateTime('paid_at')->nullable();
           $table->string('payment_method')->nullable();
           $table->string('payment_no')->nullable();
           $table->string('refund_status')->default(\App\Models\Order::REFUND_STATUS_PENDING);
           $table->string('refund_no')->unique()->nullable();
           $table->boolean('closed')->default(false);
           $table->boolean('reviewed')->default(false);
           $table->string('ship_status')->default(\App\Models\Order::SHIP_STATUS_PENDING);
           $table->text('ship_data')->nullable();
           $table->text('extra')->nullable();
           $table->timestamps();
       });
   

2. OrderItem:

   Schema::create('order_items', function (Blueprint $table) {
           $table->increments('id');
           $table->unsignedInteger('order_id');
           $table->foreign('order_id')->references('id')->on('orders')->onDelete('cascade');
           $table->unsignedInteger('product_id');
           $table->foreign('product_id')->references('id')->on('products')->onDelete('cascade');
           $table->unsignedInteger('product_sku_id');
           $table->foreign('product_sku_id')->references('id')->on('product_skus')->onDelete('cascade');
           $table->unsignedInteger('amount');
           $table->decimal('price', 10, 2);
           $table->unsignedInteger('rating')->nullable();
           $table->text('review')->nullable();
           $table->timestamp('reviewed_at')->nullable();
       });
   

關聯性 table：

• cart_items:

Schema::create('cart_items', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->unsignedInteger('user_id');
            $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->unsignedInteger('product_sku_id');
            $table->foreign('product_sku_id')->references('id')->on('product_skus')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->unsignedInteger('amount');
        });

Model 中的購物相關函式

• User

  1. cartItems

• Product

  1. attrs
  2. skus
  • views/products/show.blade.php 會用到
    @foreach($product->attrs as $attr_index => $attr)

• Product_sku

  1. product
  2. decreaseStock
  3. addStock

  -- 好像沒有用到的函式 getAttrsAttribute --

  public function getAttrsAttribute()
  {
      $attrs = $this->product->attrs;
      $attr_items_index = json_decode($this->attr_items_index, true);
      return collect($attr_items_index)->mapWithKeys(function ($item_index, $index) use ($attrs) {
          $attr = $attrs->get($index);
          return [$attr->name => $attr->items[$item_index]];
      });
  }
  

  • 看不太懂

  function ($item_index, $index) use ($attrs) {
          $attr = $attrs->get($index);
          return [$attr->name => $attr->items[$item_index]];
      }
  

• Order

  1. boot
  2. user
  3. items
  4. findAvailableNo
  5. getAvailableRefundNo
     --
  • user 函式是做什麼用的？
    OrderController 的 store 會用到

  public function user()
  {
      return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
  }
  

  • boot

  protected static function boot()
  {
      parent::boot();
      // 監聽模型建立事件，在寫入 DB之前觸發
      static::creating(function ($model) {
          // 如果模型的 no 字段为空
          if (!$model->no) {
              // 調用 findAvailableNo 生成訂單流水號
              $model->no = static::findAvailableNo();
              // 如果失敗，則终止建立訂單
              if (!$model->no) {
                  return false;
              }
          }
      });
  }
  

• OrderItem

  1. product
  2. productSku
  3. order

• CartItem

  1. user
  2. productSku

Attribute Casting

將資料在 DB 儲存的型態轉換成一般較通用的型態，方便操作。

1. int -> boolean
2. text/Json -> array
3. timestamp -> datetime

Controller

• Cart
• Orders
• Payment
• Products

Controller 裡的 function

• Cart

  • add
  • remove

• Orders

  • store
  • index
  • show
  • receive
  • review
  • sendReview
  • applyRefund
    --
  • Store

  public function store(OrderRequest $request, OrderService $orderService)
      {
          $user = $request->user();
          $address = UserAddress::find($request->input('address_id'));
          $currency_code="THB";
  
          return $orderService->store($user, $address, $request->input('remark'), $request->input('items'),$currency_code);
      }
  

  • address_id 是什麼？
  • 為什麼不在 function完成 store就好, 還要寫一個 OrderService？

  猜...處理資料庫事務程式碼太多, 不宜放在高層

• Payment

  • payByXXXXX
  • XXXXXNotify
  • afterPaid
  • XXXXXRefundNotify

• Products

  • index

  • show

  • favor

  • disfavor

  • favorites

  • show product 會去撈出該商品的27種規格的庫存：

    • 程式碼：

    $skus = $product->skus->map(function ($sku) {
    return [
        'id' => $sku->id,
        'price' => $sku->price,
        'stock' => $sku->stock,
        'attr_items_index' => json_decode($sku->attr_items_index, true),
    ];
    });
    dd($skus);
    

    • 

綠界測試範例

• 將範例存檔為 "test.php"，與 sdk 放在同一目錄下並執行php test.php

會回傳測試用的付款畫面