Day23 laravel Validation 驗證格式 FormRequest篇

上篇文章我們講過Validation驗證法，這次我們將Validation抽離，另外建立一個FormRequest來驗證request參數。
這個方法除了可以幫controller減個肥，還可以讓多個function共用一套驗證機制，增加程式復用性。

建立FormRequest

使用指令：

php artisan make:request {file name}

假設我建立file name 為 UserRequest檔案

結果：
路徑=app/Http/Requests/UserRequest.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class UserRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function authorize()
    {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            //
        ];
    }
}

FormRequest設定

上面是剛剛新增的request，還少了很多東西。首先，將authorize()內return false;改成true吧。

再來還需要加上messages()的function，我直接將完成品貼出來吧

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Validator;
use Illuminate\Http\Exceptions\HttpResponseException;

class UserRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function authorize()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            'username' => 'required|max:16|alpha_dash',
            'password' => 'required|regex:/[0-9a-zA-Z]{8}/',
            'email' => 'required|email',
        ];
    }
    public function messages()
    {
        return [
            'username.required' => 'username can not null. ',
            'username.max' => 'username can not over 16 characters. ',
            'username.alpha_dash' => 'username only have alpha-numeric characters, as well as dashes and underscores . ',
            'password.regex' => 'password should over 8 characters and only 0-9,a-z,A-Z. ',
            'password.required' => 'password should over 8 characters and only 0-9,a-z,A-Z. ',
            'email.email' => 'The email must be a valid email address. ',
        ];
    }
    protected function failedValidation(Validator $validator)
    {
        $message = $validator->errors();
        throw new HttpResponseException(response()->json(['status' => false, 'error' => $message->first()], 400));
    }
}

rules和messages都和之前一樣直接複製貼上即可，重點是failedValidation() 這個function。這個function是繼承至FormRequest這個類別的，原本會導向別的頁面，而我們現在將其改寫，直接回傳json格式。
需要注意的是，加上這個function需再最上面引用

use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Validator;
use Illuminate\Http\Exceptions\HttpResponseException;

這樣就可以回傳我們想要的json格式了。

使用FormRequest

建立好FormRequest後，該怎麼再controller內使用呢？首先請再controller上方使用：

use App\Http\Requests\UserRequest;

將想要使用這個FormRequest的function內的Request改成新的Request名稱即可，例如：
將

    public function register(Request $request)

()裏面的Request改成

    public function register(UserRequest $request)

像這樣套上FormRequest的function就會有validation驗證功能了，validation就到此結束吧，Bye!