第20天~Fragment

2021 iThome 鐵人賽

DAY 20

Mobile Development

就是從無到有寫app系列第 20 篇

13th鐵人賽

Tzu

2021-10-05 00:26:57

986 瀏覽

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Fragment片段
https://developer.android.com/guide/fragments

也是開新專案

看流程圖~

下面

放入兩張圖片檔
File-based resource names must contain only lowercase a-z, 0-9, or underscore

圖片的命名只可以用a-z, 0-9

開始到xml檔排版-

找Fragment

說要用code寫

<fragment
        android:layout_width=""
        android:layout_height=""/>

回到design去調

再調第2個

到目前的程式碼-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/fragment"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView" />

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/fragment2"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="24dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/fragment" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

新增 fragment檔

在manifests檔裡面沒有是正常的~因為他是依附著

再新增一個

點到frafment_a.xml檔

改layout_height為wrap_content就縮上去了

改文字內容為AAAAAAAA

抓入imageView的圖片

把FrameLayout改成LinearLayout

現在反紅是因為沒有指定方向

回design就發現排好了

加入android:layout_gravity="center" 讓照片置中

把CODE複製貼到B

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".FragmentA">

    <!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="AAAAAAAA"
        android:textSize="60sp" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView"
        android:layout_width="317dp"
        android:layout_height="375dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:src="@drawable/santa" />

</LinearLayout>

要注意tools:context=".FragmentA"要改成tools:context=".FragmentB"

FragmentA.java 和 FragmentB.java 不要改

再到activity_main.xml檔key入name

用模擬器看就載入了

FragmentA.java檔

//宣告
TextView textView;

Fragment_a.xml檔要有id

原來

改成

目前FragmentA.java程式碼:

package com.huang.myfragment;

import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 * Use the {@link FragmentA#newInstance} factory method to
 * create an instance of this fragment.
 */
public class FragmentA extends Fragment {

    //宣告
    TextView textView;


    // TODO: Rename parameter arguments, choose names that match
    // the fragment initialization parameters, e.g. ARG_ITEM_NUMBER
    private static final String ARG_PARAM1 = "param1";
    private static final String ARG_PARAM2 = "param2";

    // TODO: Rename and change types of parameters
    private String mParam1;
    private String mParam2;

    public FragmentA() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    /**
     * Use this factory method to create a new instance of
     * this fragment using the provided parameters.
     *
     * @param param1 Parameter 1.
     * @param param2 Parameter 2.
     * @return A new instance of fragment FragmentA.
     */
    // TODO: Rename and change types and number of parameters
    public static FragmentA newInstance(String param1, String param2) {
        FragmentA fragment = new FragmentA();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM1, param1);
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM2, param2);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getArguments() != null) {
            mParam1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
            mParam2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);

        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return view;
    }
}

繼續
//初始元件

也是按右鍵generare-->override-->

看模擬器-不能因為fragment 中的 onActivityCreated() 被弃用了

https://flywith24.gitee.io/2020/04/09/Jetpack-fragment-onActivityCreated-Deprecated/

再把FragmentA.java改回來

package com.huang.myfragment;

import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 * Use the {@link FragmentA#newInstance} factory method to
 * create an instance of this fragment.
 */
public class FragmentA extends Fragment {

    // TODO: Rename parameter arguments, choose names that match
    // the fragment initialization parameters, e.g. ARG_ITEM_NUMBER
    private static final String ARG_PARAM1 = "param1";
    private static final String ARG_PARAM2 = "param2";

    // TODO: Rename and change types of parameters
    private String mParam1;
    private String mParam2;

    public FragmentA() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    /**
     * Use this factory method to create a new instance of
     * this fragment using the provided parameters.
     *
     * @param param1 Parameter 1.
     * @param param2 Parameter 2.
     * @return A new instance of fragment FragmentA.
     */
    // TODO: Rename and change types and number of parameters
    public static FragmentA newInstance(String param1, String param2) {
        FragmentA fragment = new FragmentA();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM1, param1);
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM2, param2);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getArguments() != null) {
            mParam1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
            mParam2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a, container, false);
    }
}