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那些文件沒告訴你的 AWS EKS系列 第 1 篇

[01] 前言 - 建置 EKS cluster 環境

14th鐵人賽 eks kubernetes
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前言

根據 Kubernetes 官方公告[1]，Kubernetes 發布週期約為 15 週一次，換言之每接近 4 個月就會發布一次新的版本。而其中 Cloud Provider 所提供的 Kubernetes 平台也必須持續更新，可以說是每隔三至五個月皆會有一次新的發布，如 GKE[2] 及 EKS[3] 發布頻率。

因此我們也能觀察到 GKE [2]及 EKS [4][5] 於文件上頻繁更新，並基於上游 Kubernetes 引入新的功能，進而整合 Cloud Provider 特性。

故本系列文章希望研究在 AWS 平台上 EKS 一些有趣的功能是如何實現，究竟哪些事情是 EKS 官方文件上並未提及的事情，如 kubectl 如何使用 IAM user 權限整合 EKS、EKS worker node 如何自動加入 cluster。最終了解 EKS 如何整合上游 Kubernetes 功能與 AWS 服務整合。

建立 EKS cluster 環境

本系列文章將會使用 eksctl 管理 EKS cluster ，以下為建立 EKS 步驟，及使用相關命令版本。

  1. 啟用 EC2 並選用 AMI Amazon Linux 2 Kernel 5.10 AMI 作為控制 EKS cluster 主機。

  2. 安裝 AWS CLI[6]。

    $ curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
100 44.8M  100 44.8M    0     0  69.0M      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 68.9M

$ unzip awscliv2.zip

$ sudo ./aws/install

$ aws --version
aws-cli/2.4.27 Python/3.8.8 Linux/4.14.290-217.505.amzn2.x86_64 exe/x86_64.amzn.2 prompt/off

  3. 安裝 eksctl [7] 命令。

    $ curl --silent --location "https://github.com/weaveworks/eksctl/releases/latest/download/eksctl_$(uname -s)_amd64.tar.gz" | tar xz -C /tmp

$ sudo mv /tmp/eksctl /usr/local/bin

$ eksctl version
0.111.0

  4. 當前 eksctl 預設版本為 1.22 版本[8]，故安裝 kubectl 1.22 版本[9]。

    $ curl -LO https://dl.k8s.io/release/v1.22.13/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   138  100   138    0     0    836      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   841
100 44.7M  100 44.7M    0     0  82.8M      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 82.8M

$ sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl

$ kubectl version
Kubeconfig user entry is using deprecated API version client.authentication.k8s.io/v1alpha1. Run 'aws eks update-kubeconfig' to update.
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"22", GitVersion:"v1.22.13", GitCommit:"a43c0904d0de10f92aa3956c74489c45e6453d6e", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2022-08-17T18:28:56Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.15", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"22+", GitVersion:"v1.22.12-eks-6d3986b", GitCommit:"dade57bbf0e318a6492808cf6e276ea3956aecbf", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2022-07-20T22:06:30Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.15", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

  5. 設置 AWS CLI 憑證（credentials）[10]。eksctl 將會使用此 IAM 使用者權限作為 EKS cluster 建立使用者（creator），並建立 EKS cluster 、節點組（nodegroup）等 AWS 資源。倘若希望 IAM 使用者可以限縮 IAM 最低權限，可以參考 eksctl 最小 IAM policies 文件[11]

    $ aws configure

  6. 建立 eksctl ClusterConfig 文件，並啟用 control plane logs[12]。

    $ cat ./ironman-2022.yaml
apiVersion: eksctl.io/v1alpha5
kind: ClusterConfig

metadata:
  name: ironman-2022
  region: eu-west-1

managedNodeGroups:
  - name: "ng1-public-ssh"
    desiredCapacity: 2
    ssh:
      # Enable ssh access (via the admin container)
      allow: true
      publicKeyName: "ironman-2022"
    iam:
      withAddonPolicies:
        ebs: true
        fsx: true
        efs: true
        awsLoadBalancerController: true
        autoScaler: true

iam:
  withOIDC: true

cloudWatch:
  clusterLogging:
    enableTypes: ["*"]

$ eksctl create cluster -f ./ironman-2022.yaml                                                                                                                                                                      [133/4203]
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  eksctl version 0.111.0
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  using region eu-west-1
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  setting availability zones to [eu-west-1a eu-west-1c eu-west-1b]
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  subnets for eu-west-1a - public:192.168.0.0/19 private:192.168.96.0/19
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  subnets for eu-west-1c - public:192.168.32.0/19 private:192.168.128.0/19
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  subnets for eu-west-1b - public:192.168.64.0/19 private:192.168.160.0/19
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  nodegroup "ng1-public-ssh" will use "" [AmazonLinux2/1.22]
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  using EC2 key pair "ironman-2022"
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  using Kubernetes version 1.22
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  creating EKS cluster "ironman-2022" in "eu-west-1" region with managed nodes
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  1 nodegroup (ng1-public-ssh) was included (based on the include/exclude rules)
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  will create a CloudFormation stack for cluster itself and 0 nodegroup stack(s)
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  will create a CloudFormation stack for cluster itself and 1 managed nodegroup stack(s)
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  if you encounter any issues, check CloudFormation console or try 'eksctl utils describe-stacks --region=eu-west-1 --cluster=ironman-2022'
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  Kubernetes API endpoint access will use default of {publicAccess=true, privateAccess=false} for cluster "ironman-2022" in "eu-west-1"
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  configuring CloudWatch logging for cluster "ironman-2022" in "eu-west-1" (enabled types: api, audit, authenticator, controllerManager, scheduler & no types disabled)
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]
2 sequential tasks: { create cluster control plane "ironman-2022",
    2 sequential sub-tasks: {
        4 sequential sub-tasks: {
            wait for control plane to become ready,
            associate IAM OIDC provider,
            2 sequential sub-tasks: {
                create IAM role for serviceaccount "kube-system/aws-node",
                create serviceaccount "kube-system/aws-node",
            },
            restart daemonset "kube-system/aws-node",
        },
        create managed nodegroup "ng1-public-ssh",
    }
}
2022-09-14 09:39:32 [ℹ]  building cluster stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:39:33 [ℹ]  deploying stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:40:03 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:40:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:41:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:42:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:43:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:44:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:45:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:46:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:47:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:48:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:49:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:50:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:51:33 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-cluster"
2022-09-14 09:53:34 [ℹ]  building iamserviceaccount stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-addon-iamserviceaccount-kube-system-aws-node"
2022-09-14 09:53:35 [ℹ]  deploying stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-addon-iamserviceaccount-kube-system-aws-node"
2022-09-14 09:53:35 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-addon-iamserviceaccount-kube-system-aws-node"
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-addon-iamserviceaccount-kube-system-aws-node"
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  serviceaccount "kube-system/aws-node" already exists
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  updated serviceaccount "kube-system/aws-node"
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  daemonset "kube-system/aws-node" restarted
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  building managed nodegroup stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  deploying stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:54:05 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:54:35 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:55:18 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:56:04 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:57:24 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:59:10 [ℹ]  waiting for CloudFormation stack "eksctl-ironman-2022-nodegroup-ng1-public-ssh"
2022-09-14 09:59:10 [ℹ]  waiting for the control plane availability...
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [✔]  saved kubeconfig as "/home/ec2-user/.kube/config"
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [ℹ]  no tasks
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [✔]  all EKS cluster resources for "ironman-2022" have been created
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [ℹ]  nodegroup "ng1-public-ssh" has 2 node(s)
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [ℹ]  node "ip-192-168-29-179.eu-west-1.compute.internal" is ready
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [ℹ]  node "ip-192-168-78-165.eu-west-1.compute.internal" is ready
2022-09-14 09:59:12 [ℹ]  waiting for at least 2 node(s) to become ready in "ng1-public-ssh"

參考文件

  1. Kubernetes Release Cadence Change: Here’s What You Need To Know - https://kubernetes.io/blog/2021/07/20/new-kubernetes-release-cadence
  2. Amazon EKS Kubernetes versions - Amazon EKS Kubernetes release calendar - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/kubernetes-versions.html#kubernetes-release-calendar
  3. GKE release notes -https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/release-notes
  4. Document history for Amazon EKS - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/doc-history.html
  5. Amazon EKS User Guide - https://github.com/awsdocs/amazon-eks-user-guide
  6. Installing or updating the latest version of the AWS CLI - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/getting-started-install.html
  7. Installing or updating eksctl - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/eksctl.html
  8. Introduction | eksctl - https://eksctl.io/introduction/
  9. Install and Set Up kubectl on Linux - https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl-linux/
  10. Configuration and credential file settings - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-configure-files.html
  11. Minimum IAM policies | eksctl - https://eksctl.io/usage/minimum-iam-policies/#minimum-iam-policies
  12. Amazon EKS control plane logging - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/control-plane-logs.html

以上資訊透過 EKS 所提供 Logs 來驗證上游 Kubernetes 運作原理，倘若上述內文有所錯誤，隨時可以留言或是私訊我。


下一篇
[02] 為什麼 kubectl 可以訪問 EKS cluster
系列文
那些文件沒告訴你的 AWS EKS 共 30 篇
  1. 26
    [26] 為什麼 EKS 在更新 Kubernetes deployment 時會有 HTTP 502 的 error（一）
  2. 27
    [27] 為什麼 EKS 在更新 Kubernetes deployment 時會有 HTTP 502 的 error（二）
  3. 28
    [28] 為什麼 EKS 在更新 Kubernetes deployment 時會有 HTTP 502 的 error（三）
  4. 29
    [29] 為什麼 EKS 在更新 Kubernetes deployment 時會有 HTTP 502 的 error（四）
  5. 30
    [30] Summary
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