此文前半：快速講解怪物射擊子彈；後半：實作新增遊戲參數。

上次的最後講到，射擊有冷卻時間這件事，對於 AI 玩遊戲來說需要嗎？

那我想答案是不需要的，因為 AI 每個指令，都是在計算判斷後出現的結果，自然應該每次發送一次射擊命令，遊戲就應該執行，而不用等冷卻時間；程式在玩遊戲，也不會有人手速的問題。

Mob 的射擊

• 跟昨天玩家射擊一樣，這裡簡單解釋並附上程式碼，詳情可參考上篇「實作！雙人射擊遊戲 —— 玩家射擊 」

1. 初始化子彈儲存位置和射擊時間變數

   class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
       def __init__(self, construction: dict, **kwargs):
           self.last_shoot_frame = 0
           self.shoot_cd = random.randint(120, 300)
           self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
   

   • shoot_cd 這次我簡單在初始化Mob時，隨機期值為 120~300 之間的 frame，大家可以有更多不同的做法喔！

2. 更新子彈與判斷何時應該射擊

   class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
       def update(self) -> None:
           self.bullets.update()
           if self.used_frame - self.last_shoot_frame > self.shoot_cd:
               self.shoot()
   

3. 更新子彈射擊時間與建立子彈物件並添加進 Group

   class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
       def shoot(self):
           self.last_shoot_frame = self.used_frame
           _id = "mob"
           _no = random.randint(1, 6)
           bullet = Bullet(construction=create_construction(_id=_id, _no=_no
                                                            , _init_pos=self.rect.center, _init_size=(12, 27))
                           , play_rect_area=self.play_rect_area)
           self.bullets.add(bullet)
   

4. 重構獲取物件更新資料，加入 bullet 的更新資料

   class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
       def get_obj_progress_data(self) -> dict or list:
           progress_date_list = []
           for bullet in self.bullets:
               if isinstance(bullet, Bullet):
                   progress_date_list.append(bullet.get_obj_progress_data())
           progress_date_list.append(create_image_view_data(self.image_id, *self.rect.topleft, self.rect.width, self.rect.height, self.angle))
           return progress_date_list
   

5. 修正 BattleMode 的 get_obj_progress_data 函式

   class BattleMode:
       def get_obj_progress_data(self) -> list:
           obj_progress_data = []
           for player in self.players:
               if isinstance(player, Player):
                   obj_progress_data.extend(player.get_obj_progress_data())
           for mob in self.mobs:
               if isinstance(mob, Mob):
                   obj_progress_data.extend(mob.get_obj_progress_data())
           if self.obj_rect_list:
               obj_progress_data.extend(self.obj_rect_list)
   
           return obj_progress_data
   

   • 將原本的 obj_progress_data.append(mob.get_obj_progress_data())改成 obj_progress_data.extend(mob.get_obj_progress_data())
   • 關於 list.append() 和 list.extend() 的比較，請看 .append VS .extend

新增遊戲參數 is_manual

• 關於遊戲參數詳情，請看第 1 1 天的「遊戲啟動入口與參數說明 @TankMan 」

# game_config.json before
"game_params": [
  ]

# game_config.json after
"game_params": [
   {
     "name": "is_manual",
     "verbose": "使否手動遊玩",
     "type": "str",
     "choices": [
       {
         "verbose": "是",
         "value": "1"
       },
       {
         "verbose": "否",
         "value": ""
        }
     ],
     "help": "'1' enables the player to fire continuously.",
     "default": 0
   }
]

遊戲判斷參數並傳遞參數給遊玩模式

1. 將 is_manual 儲存在 Game

   # before
   class Game(PaiaGame):
       def __init__(self, user_num):
           super().__init__(user_num)
   

   # after
   class Game(PaiaGame):
       def __init__(self, user_num, is_manual: str):
           super().__init__(user_num)
           self.is_manual = False
           if is_manual:
               self.is_manual = True
   

2. 將 is_manual 傳給 BattleMode

   # before
   class Game(PaiaGame):
       def set_game_mode(self):
           play_rect_area = pygame.Rect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT)
           game_mode = BattleMode(play_rect_area)
           return game_mode
   

   # after
   class Game(PaiaGame):
       def set_game_mode(self):
           play_rect_area = pygame.Rect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT)
           game_mode = BattleMode(play_rect_area, self.is_manual)
           return game_mode
   

遊玩模式儲存參數並傳遞參數給Player

1. 將 is_manual 儲存在 BattleMode並傳給Player

   # before
   class BattleMode:
       def __init__(self, play_rect_area: pygame.Rect):
           self.player_1P = Player(create_construction(get_ai_name(0), 0
                                                       , (self.width_center//2-50, self.scene_height-50)
                                                       , (50, 50)), play_rect_area=play_rect_area)
           self.player_2P = Player(create_construction(get_ai_name(1), 1
                                                       , (self.width_center+self.width_center//2, SCENE_HEIGHT-50)
                                                       , (50, 50)), play_rect_area=play_rect_area)
   

   # after
   class BattleMode:
       def __init__(self, play_rect_area: pygame.Rect, is_manual: bool):
           self.is_manual = is_manual
           self.player_1P = Player(create_construction(get_ai_name(0), 0
                                                       , (self.width_center//2-50, self.scene_height-50)
                                                       , (50, 50)), play_rect_area=play_rect_area, is_manual=is_manual)
           self.player_2P = Player(create_construction(get_ai_name(1), 1
                                                       , (self.width_center+self.width_center//2, SCENE_HEIGHT-50)
                                                       , (50, 50)), play_rect_area=play_rect_area, is_manual=is_manual)
   

2. 在 BattleMode 的 reset 函式，重新初始化自己時，傳遞 is_manual

   # before
   class BattleMode:
       def reset(self) -> None:
           self.__init__(self.play_rect_area)
   

   # after
   class BattleMode:
       def reset(self) -> None:
           self.__init__(self.play_rect_area, self.is_manual)
   

新增 Player 射擊冷卻時間判斷

# before
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
   def __init__(self, construction: dict, **kwargs):
        self.shoot_cd = 10
        self.speed = 10

# after
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
   def __init__(self, construction: dict, **kwargs):
        self.is_manual = kwargs["is_manual"]
        self.shoot_cd = 0
        if self.is_manual:
            self.shoot_cd = 10

更改遊戲指令

• 啟動遊戲指令詳情請看第 15 天的「實作！TankMan全攻略 —— 開始新遊戲」

# before
-f 30 -i ./ml/ml_play_manual.py -i ./ml/ml_play_manual.py .

# after
-f 30 -i ./ml/ml_play_manual.py -i ./ml/ml_play_manual.py . --is_manual 1

# 若是輸入以下，則 is_manual 使用默認參數 0，玩家可以連續射擊
-f 30 -i ./ml/ml_play_manual.py -i ./ml/ml_play_manual.py .

本日進度完整程式碼 點我

今日檔案更新有：

1. BattleMode
2. Game
3. Mob
4. Player
5. game_config