在 Windows Server 2019 安裝 Open-SSH 無錯版筆記

open-ssh

JamesDoge 2022-12-30 11:26:40 ‧ 6679 瀏覽

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1.先確認目前的作業系統有包含 OpenSSH 相關功能

Get-WindowsCapability -Online | Where-Object Name -like 'OpenSSH*'

得到還沒安裝的內容

Name  : OpenSSH.Client~~~~0.0.1.0
State : NotPresent

Name  : OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0
State : NotPresent

2.設了Proxy，因為在無對外網路的Windows Server 2019環境，使用管理權限的PowerShell

$Proxy = "http://10.99.99.99:80"
$ENV:HTTP_PROXY=$proxy
$ENV:HTTPS_PROXY=$proxy

註：Proxy為示意IP

3.安裝 OpenSSH

Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Client~~~~0.0.1.0
Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0

proxy 對外有通, 結果報錯

Add-WindowsCapability : Add-WindowsCapability failed. Error code = 0x800f0954
At line:1 char:1
+ Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Add-WindowsCapability], COMException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.Dism.Commands.AddWindowsCapabilityCommand

4.無法安裝的錯誤碼 Error code = 0x800f0954，參考網路上的解法後。
5.打開 gpedit.msc

6.選 Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> System

7.選 Enabled

點擊 Download repair content and optional features directly from Windows Updates instead of Windows Server Updates Services (WSUS)

9.回到你的 Powershell 視窗，執行 gpupdate /force

gpupdate /force

10.再次重新運行Add-WindowsCapability以安裝該功能

Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0

11.安裝成功後確認

Get-WindowsCapability -Online | Where-Object Name -like 'OpenSSH*'

會得到還已安裝的內容

Name  : OpenSSH.Client~~~~0.0.1.0
State : Installed

Name  : OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0
State : Installed

12.啟動 OpenSSH Server 服務

Start-Service sshd

13.設定 sshd 服務自動啟動

Set-Service -Name sshd -StartupType 'Automatic'

14.確認設定防火牆規則 (通常安裝後會自動設定完成，此步驟只是再確認一次)

if (!(Get-NetFirewallRule -Name "OpenSSH-Server-In-TCP" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object Name, Enabled)) {
    Write-Output "Firewall Rule 'OpenSSH-Server-In-TCP' does not exist, creating it..."
    New-NetFirewallRule -Name 'OpenSSH-Server-In-TCP' -DisplayName 'OpenSSH Server (sshd)' -Enabled True -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -Action Allow -LocalPort 22
} else {
    Write-Output "Firewall rule 'OpenSSH-Server-In-TCP' has been created and exists."
}

15.回到我的本地客戶端測試連看看SSH

ssh James@10.9.9.5

結果連不進去訊息為

Connection reset by 10.9.9.5 port 22

透過SSH DEBUG指令

sshd -d

得到

debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_for_Windows_9.1, LibreSSL 3.6.1
debug1: get_passwd: lookup_sid() failed: 1789.
debug1: private host key #0: ssh-rsa SHA256:/LHJf****8aMUlnwfFSF6rICx****RNr6ySBw
debug1: private host key #1: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:z8vED****iwN4oxdOp6D2****Ok5USMj1gU
debug1: private host key #2: ssh-ed25519 SHA256:fjs0+XFc+IkO****M5rzOZmv3IpUqIAdUg
debug1: rexec_argv[0]='C:\\Program Files\\OpenSSH\\sshd.exe'
debug1: rexec_argv[1]='-d'
debug1: Bind to port 22 on ::.
Server listening on :: port 22.
debug1: Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0.
Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.

獲得關鍵線索

debug1: get_passwd: lookup_sid() failed: 1789. 有一個解決方法

回到Server裡，用筆記本打開 $env:programdata\ssh\sshd_config
註釋掉以下內容：

Match Group administrators
AuthorizedKeysFile PROGRAMDATA /ssh/administrators_authorized_keys

改為

#Match Group administrators
#AuthorizedKeysFile PROGRAMDATA /ssh/administrators_authorized_keys

存檔覆蓋。

重新啟動服務

net stop sshd
net start sshd

終於連上了.....

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.3653]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

COM\JAMES@DEV99 C:\Users\JAMES>dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 3A0B-C803

 Directory of C:\Users\JAMES

12/29/2022  03:26 PM    <DIR>          .
12/29/2022  03:26 PM    <DIR>          ..
12/29/2022  03:26 PM    <DIR>          .ssh
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          3D Objects
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Contacts
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Desktop
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Documents
12/29/2022  11:10 AM    <DIR>          Downloads
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Favorites
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Links
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Music
12/29/2022  10:45 AM         3,659,296 OpenSSH-Win64.zip
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Pictures
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Saved Games
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Searches
12/29/2022  10:30 AM    <DIR>          Videos
               1 File(s)      3,659,296 bytes
              15 Dir(s)  116,917,039,104 bytes free

COM\JAMES@DEV99 C:\Users\JAMES>

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