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求助regexp寫法與Scrapy裡的LinkExtractor

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import scrapy
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from apple.items import AppleItem
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor

class AppleCrawler(CrawlSpider):
    name = 'apple'
    start_urls = ['https://www.abc.com.tw/apple-page-1.html?a=1&i=1,&j=80&k=1&max=999999']
    rules = [
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=('...(求助點)...')), callback='parse_link', follow=True)        
    ]
    def parse_link(self, response):
        res = BeautifulSoup(response.body)
        for news in res.select('.title'):
            yield scrapy.Request(news.select('a')[0]['href'], self.parse_detail)
    def parse_detail(self,response): 
        res = BeautifulSoup(response.body)
        ......
        return appleitem

問題就在翻頁功能卡住
https://www.abc.com.tw/apple-page-1.html?a=1&i=1,&j=80&k=1&max=999999
https://www.abc.com.tw/apple-page-2.html?a=1&i=1,&j=80&k=1&max=999999
https://www.abc.com.tw/apple-page-3.html?a=1&i=1,&j=80&k=1&max=999999
魯妹我試了好幾次regexp寫法一直失敗QQ

/apple-page-[1-3]$\.html\\*
/apple-page-[1-3]$\.html\?\*

問號後面的參數value可能有 ","

另外
function若命名為parse
在LinkExtractor裡的callback呼叫會有衝突問題
但我只要把第一個def之後的function改叫parse以外的名字 (code裡是parse_link)
整個爬蟲都不能work了...
想請問這部分究竟要怎麼去修改...

謝謝各位對新手的包容

froce iT邦大師 1 級 ‧ 2018-03-27 23:14:37 檢舉
1.你要符合的是整串網址包含後面的GET?
/apple-page-[1-3]\.html.*$
這樣嗎?

2.錯誤訊息丟出來。
Alex Hsu iT邦新手 5 級 ‧ 2018-03-28 22:12:42 檢舉
謝謝 force 大回答
1. 沒錯,包含後面的GET
2. 錯誤訊息如下,雖然我看不出來錯誤訊息在哪T_T

2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.0 started (bot: apple) 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.1.1.0, libxml2 2.9.7, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.4.0, w3lib 1.19.0, Twisted 17.9.0, Python 3.6.4 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jan 16 2018, 10:22:32) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 17.5.0 (OpenSSL 1.0.2n 7 Dec 2017), cryptography 2.1.4, Platform Windows-10-10.0.16299-SP0
2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'apple', 'COOKIES_ENABLED': False, 'DOWNLOAD_DELAY': 2, 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'apple.spiders', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['apple.spiders']} 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions: ['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats', 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole', 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: ['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats'] 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: ['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware'] 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: []
2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min) 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET (網址url)> (referer: None) 2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished) 2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats: {'downloader/request_bytes': 265, 'downloader/request_count': 1, 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1, 'downloader/response_bytes': 21641, 'downloader/response_count': 1, 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1, 'finish_reason': 'finished', 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 3, 28, 14, 8, 41, 548750), 'log_count/DEBUG': 2, 'log_count/INFO': 7, 'response_received_count': 1, 'scheduler/dequeued': 1, 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1, 'scheduler/enqueued': 1, 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1, 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 3, 28, 14, 8, 40, 883800)} 2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)
Alex Hsu iT邦新手 5 級 ‧ 2018-03-28 22:54:31 檢舉
謝謝Force大,我想我找到癥結點了。如果我沒理解錯誤,不是他不work,是因為regexp寫錯,所以他沒爬任何東西就close spider。也再次謝謝~
圖片
  直播研討會
圖片
{{ item.channelVendor }} {{ item.webinarstarted }} |
{{ formatDate(item.duration) }}
直播中

1 個回答

0
小碼農米爾
iT邦高手 1 級 ‧ 2018-03-28 22:09:23
最佳解答

推薦一個測試 regex 的網站,可以很即時的驗證正規式是否正確
https://regex101.com

然後正規式的部分,如果您的網址是存在於 <a href="xxx">
那正規式可以這樣下

'https:\/\/xxx\/xxxxx-page-[1-3]+\.html\?[^"]*'

程式的部分我自己做了一次,有遇到下面兩個問題

  1. 套件未安裝完全和套件版本不相容的問題
  2. 預設爬蟲會將結果寫入資料庫,應該是找不到資料庫所以出錯了,所以我後來將結果改成寫到 txt 檔案

然後您可以貼一下您的錯誤訊息

最後附上程式給大大參考:

crawler.py

class AppleCrawler(CrawlSpider):
    start_urls = ['https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/users/20106865/articles']
    rules = [
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=('https:\/\/ithelp.ithome.com.tw\/users\/20106865\/articles\?page=[3-4]+?')), callback='parse_link', follow=False)
    ]
    name = 'apple'
    def parse_link(self, response):
        res = BeautifulSoup(response.body)
        for title in res.select('.qa-list__title'):
            print (title.select('a')[0]['href'].strip())
            yield scrapy.Request(title.select('a')[0]['href'].strip(), self.parse_detail)

    def parse_detail(self, response):
        res = BeautifulSoup(response.body)
        appleitem = AppleItem()
        appleitem['title'] = res.select('.qa-header__title')[0].text.strip()
        return appleitem

pipelines.py

import json

class ApplePipeline(object):
    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.file = open('a.txt', 'w', encoding='utf8')

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.file.close()

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        line = json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"
        print(line)
        self.file.write(line)
        return item

items.py

class AppleItem(scrapy.Item):
    title = scrapy.Field()

爬到的結果
https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/upload/images/20180328/20106865Td8MqnTMpC.jpg

看更多先前的回應...收起先前的回應...
Alex Hsu iT邦新手 5 級 ‧ 2018-03-28 22:15:48 檢舉

!!! 謝謝這位大大的回答!!
這裡再貼上錯誤訊息,但其實我沒看到錯誤訊息
純粹就是 def parse 可以 改成 def parse_link 就不行
因此無法google (淚)

2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.0 started (bot: apple) 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.1.1.0, libxml2 2.9.7, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.4.0, w3lib 1.19.0, Twisted 17.9.0, Python 3.6.4 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jan 16 2018, 10:22:32) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 17.5.0 (OpenSSL 1.0.2n 7 Dec 2017), cryptography 2.1.4, Platform Windows-10-10.0.16299-SP0
2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'apple', 'COOKIES_ENABLED': False, 'DOWNLOAD_DELAY': 2, 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'apple.spiders', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['apple.spiders']} 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions: ['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats', 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole', 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: ['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware', 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats'] 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: ['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware', 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware'] 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: []
2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min) 2018-03-28 22:08:40 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET (網址url)> (referer: None) 2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished) 2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats: {'downloader/request_bytes': 265, 'downloader/request_count': 1, 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1, 'downloader/response_bytes': 21641, 'downloader/response_count': 1, 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1, 'finish_reason': 'finished', 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 3, 28, 14, 8, 41, 548750), 'log_count/DEBUG': 2, 'log_count/INFO': 7, 'response_received_count': 1, 'scheduler/dequeued': 1, 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1, 'scheduler/enqueued': 1, 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1, 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 3, 28, 14, 8, 40, 883800)} 2018-03-28 22:08:41 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/upload/images/20180328/201068659iT4g0xaTM.jpg

爬蟲沒有壞掉,
/images/emoticon/emoticon39.gif
應該是單純正規式不對,所以沒有抓到後面要繼續爬的網址,
可以看到 request_count': 1,只有一個 request (入口的那個網址)

Alex Hsu iT邦新手 5 級 ‧ 2018-03-28 22:55:07 檢舉

我正巧也figure out這點了,謝謝fish大大!!! 謝謝你們!!!

很高興幫助到您
/images/emoticon/emoticon35.gif

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