.NET Core 在發佈應用程式主要有三種模式：

• 相依 Framework 的部署：framework-dependent deployment, FDD
• 自封式部署：self-contained deployment, SCD
• 架構相依可執行檔：Framework-dependent executables, FDE

其中常見的以前兩者為主，今天也就先簡單介紹這兩種模式以及如何透過 dotnet publish 進行發布。

為了方便示例，先建立一個 console 專案，並且透過 dotnet run 去執行看預期結果：

$ dotnet new console -o CLIProj
The template "Console Application" was created successfully.

Processing post-creation actions...
Running 'dotnet restore' on CLIProj/CLIProj.csproj...
  Restore completed in 176.45 ms for /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/CLIProj.csproj.

Restore succeeded.

$ cd CLIProj/
$ dotnet run
Hello World!

接著我們嘗試使用 dotnet publish 並且不搭配任何參數，通常這樣的發佈模式預設會是 FDD：

$ dotnet publish
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 16.2.32702+c4012a063 for .NET Core
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

  Restore completed in 29.46 ms for /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/CLIProj.csproj.
  CLIProj -> /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/bin/Debug/netcoreapp2.2/CLIProj.dll
  CLIProj -> /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/bin/Debug/netcoreapp2.2/publish/

此時我們可以透過 dotnet 指令去執行發佈出來的 dll 檔案：

$ dotnet ./bin/Debug/netcoreapp2.2/publish/CLIProj.dll
Hello World!

但若我們直接想嘗試直接執行話，就會出錯：

$ ./bin/release/netcoreapp2.2/publish/CLIProj.dll
fish: The file './bin/release/netcoreapp2.2/publish/CLIProj.dll' is not executable by this user

這就是 FDD 模式，如其名，是相依 Framework。

若是我們要發布一個可以執行的程式又該如何呢？這時就可使用 SCD 了！若我們在發布參數中透過 --runtime 指定了執行階段，就會預設開啟 SCD 模式：

$ dotnet publish -c release -r osx-x64
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 16.2.32702+c4012a063 for .NET Core
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

  Restore completed in 242.13 ms for /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/CLIProj.csproj.
  CLIProj -> /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/bin/release/netcoreapp2.2/osx-x64/CLIProj.dll
  CLIProj -> /Users/fntsr/Projects/Ironman/dotnet-sln/CLIProj/bin/release/netcoreapp2.2/osx-x64/publish/

這時就可以直接執行了！

$ ./bin/release/netcoreapp2.2/osx-x64/publish/CLIProj
Hello World!