IaaS, Infrastructure as a Service
基礎架構即服務
這個觀念最早是由 Hardware as a Service (HaaS)一詞演變而來,由經濟學家 Nicholas Carr 於 2006 年時提出。
以虛擬化平台為主體,提供伺服器設備、軟體、資料儲存空間以及網路設備等委外服務。
根據 Wikipedia 中的定義
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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is the delivery of computer infrastructure (typically a platform virtualization environment) as a service.
These 'virtual infrastructure stacks'[1] are an example of the everything as a service trend and shares many of the common characteristics. Rather than purchasing servers, software, data center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service. The service is typically billed on a utility computing basis and amount of resources consumed (and therefore the cost) will typically reflect the level of activity. It is an evolution of web hosting and virtual private server offerings.
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IaaS主要是將資訊基礎設施透過虛擬化的平台整合為一項服務,在 everyting as as service 的概念下,企業不需要在採購伺服器、軟體、租用Data Center 的空間或者網路設備,這些統統可以透過委外的方式取得他們所需要的服務。
其實整個觀念,跟當初 IDC 興起時所標榜的服務觀念是一致的,包含之後衍生的 ASP 都是在此一觀念下的範疇。
幾個主要的組成要項:
.Service level agreements (optional)
.Utility computing billing (eg per instance hour)
.Platform virtualization environment for running client specified virtual machines
.Computer hardware (typically set up as a grid for massive horizontal scalability)
.Computer network (including firewalls, load balancing, etc.)
.Internet connectivity
其中,個人覺得 SLA 是一個蠻重要的項目(雖然他被列為 optional),這牽涉到您的安全與保全層級要做到什麼樣的程度,當然花費也會因為你要求的 SLA 層級愈高,相對支出也會愈高。
延伸閱讀:
1.Cloud Computing Basics
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