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無痛學習SpringMVC與Spring Security系列 第 30 篇

[30天]一些心得及Hello Spring Boot

鐵人賽 spring
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終於來到鐵人賽最後一天了，參加鐵人賽果的這30天，有些主題很順，有些則debug老半天，上StackOverFlow，google找跑不出來的原因，幾度感到挫敗也曾想中斷，後來還是堅持到最後了，到了今天，自己也感覺到對自己選的這個主題有比較熟悉，也知道哪裡自己觀念還需要加強，另外也了解到還須要學些什麼，例如Spring Data，再來是前端框架部分，因為沒學過Angular JS而且對javascript不熟，前後端的data binding不知道如何作，AJAX的部分也就沒有分享到，鐵人賽後應該會開始學Angular JS，但最新消息是Angular JS要出2.0，雖然還再development階段，網路消息Angular JS 1.x幾乎是砍掉重練，現在我也猶豫是不是先學其他的前端框架如ember.js或是knockout.js來實踐AJAX。

Anyway，透過這三十天，不難發現其實處理Dependency及相關Config挺瑣碎的，如果熟練是還好啦，但人總是懶惰的啦，為簡化上述兩者，Spring Boot專案包裝好Spring各個專案的相關dependency，以及不建議再使用XML，改用Java Config的方式來設定Spring，新增專案時將沒有XML檔，未來應該會朝向使用Spring Boot來開發Spring應用程式，今年度的鐵人賽就以Hello! Spring Boot!來作個結束吧!

要新增Spring Boot專案，可以透過STS新增Spring Starter Project，點選後填入資訊如下，Style的部分請先勾選Web即可，若勾選JDBC或是JPA等會要設定資料庫:

打開Maven Dependency，可以發現Spring Boot已經將相關的dependency下載好了，包括Jackson databind(JSON)、hibernate validator、logging相關等，另可知Spring Boot 1.1.8對應的Springframework是4.0.7版

打開pom.xml，可以發現dependencies簡潔多了(僅52行，前29天的分享pom.xml接近280行)，而且未來Spring Boot新版可以在Parent標籤裡鍵入新版次，即可更新相關Dependency

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>tw.blogger.springtech</groupId>
	<artifactId>boot</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>

	<name>HelloSpringBoot</name>
	<description>Hello! Spring Boot!</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.1.8.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<start-class>tw.blogger.springtech.boot.Application</start-class>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

專案新增好後只有兩個java檔:Application.java及ServletInitializer.java，重點還是Application.java，新增了@EnableAutoConfiguration，Spring號稱會依據你的dependency進行設定，但官方文件對此並未說明太多，只說明會依據dependency來判斷專案的所需的設定，另外StackOverFlow上也有人建議如果自己已經熟悉相關設定，則建議移除@EnableAutoConfiguration，避免與自己寫的configuration衝突。

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

新增一個HelloBootController，其code如下:

package tw.blogger.springtech.boot.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@RestController
public class HelloBootController {

	@RequestMapping("/")
	public String helloPage(){
		return "Hello! Spring Boot!";
	}
}

專案上按右鍵->Run As->Spring Boot App，Console輸出如下:

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.1.8.RELEASE)

2014-10-28 22:31:45.692  INFO 9424 --- [           main] tw.blogger.springtech.boot.Application   : Starting Application on YiRenPC with PID 9424 (D:\java\HelloBoot\target\classes started by joombuopre in D:\java\HelloBoot)
2014-10-28 22:31:45.731  INFO 9424 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@c8e4bb0: startup date [Tue Oct 28 22:31:45 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
2014-10-28 22:31:46.227  INFO 9424 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean 'beanNameViewResolver': replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2014-10-28 22:31:46.767  INFO 9424 --- [           main] .t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory : Server initialized with port: 8080
2014-10-28 22:31:46.867  INFO 9424 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2014-10-28 22:31:46.868  INFO 9424 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.55
2014-10-28 22:31:46.947  INFO 9424 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2014-10-28 22:31:46.947  INFO 9424 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1219 ms
2014-10-28 22:31:47.326  INFO 9424 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean        : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2014-10-28 22:31:47.328  INFO 9424 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2014-10-28 22:31:47.428  INFO 9424 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2014-10-28 22:31:47.534  INFO 9424 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String tw.blogger.springtech.boot.controller.HelloWorldController.helloPage()
2014-10-28 22:31:47.535  INFO 9424 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2014-10-28 22:31:47.535  INFO 9424 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[text/html],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2014-10-28 22:31:47.547  INFO 9424 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2014-10-28 22:31:47.548  INFO 9424 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2014-10-28 22:31:47.645  INFO 9424 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2014-10-28 22:31:47.694  INFO 9424 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080/http
2014-10-28 22:31:47.695  INFO 9424 --- [           main] tw.blogger.springtech.boot.Application   : Started Application in 2.37 seconds (JVM running for 2.911)
2014-10-28 22:31:53.278  INFO 9424 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2014-10-28 22:31:53.279  INFO 9424 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2014-10-28 22:31:53.289  INFO 9424 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 10 ms

打開瀏覽器打入http://localhost:8080，即出現Hello! Spring Boot!

如果你不是用STS作為開發工具，你也可以上http://start.spring.io，來產生Maven或Gradle專案，再匯入IDE即可

明年IT鐵人賽再會!!!


上一篇
[Security]JDBC Authentication Service-簡化版的UserDetailsService
下一篇
[Angular JS]Hello Angular
系列文
無痛學習SpringMVC與Spring Security 共 31 篇
  1. 27
    [Security]Method-Level Security(II)-@PostFilter篩選輸出條件
  2. 28
    [Controller/Security]WebDataBinder-@InitBinder應用於表單欄位binding及表單驗證(Spring Vaildator)
  3. 29
    [Security]JDBC Authentication Service-簡化版的UserDetailsService
  4. 30
    [30天]一些心得及Hello Spring Boot
  5. 31
    [Angular JS]Hello Angular
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