當形容詞放在所修飾的名詞後面的時候,稱為後位修飾語。理解方向正好和中文顛倒,沒有後位修飾概念的人容易理解不正確、不完全,同時少了一個延長口說和寫作句子的好用工具。後位修飾語至少有六種,除了關係子句以外,前文均已逐項探究過,本文要整合先前所學,著重在口說和寫作延長句子的示範與練習。
我有些許的不放心,也許有人沒有從本系列文的第一篇仔細研讀到這兒,還是先複習一下除了關係子句以外的五種後位修飾語吧!
The ability to think critically is one skill separating innovators from followers.
(批判性思考的能力是和區別創新者與追隨者的一種能力)。不定詞片語to think critically後位修飾名詞ability、現在分詞片語separating innovators from followers後位修飾名詞skill。The new project managers promised to reduce the risks involved in working with contractors.
(新任專案經理承諾要降低涉及與承包商合作的風險)這句話包含一個過去分詞片語後位修飾名詞risks,也可以解釋成普通形容詞片語involved in working with contractors。不必爭論,本文原則是懂原理、能活用即可,不必陷入文法理論和學術派別之爭。Scientists are trying to minimize the irreversible damage caused by growing carbon dioxide emissions.
(科學家們正試著把越來越多碳排放造成的不可逆的破壞降到最低)過去分詞片語caused by growing carbon dioxide emissions後位修飾名詞damage。The course is planned for people concerned with environmental issues.
(此課程是為關注環境議題的人而設計的)過去分詞片語或普通形容詞片語concerned with environmental issues後位修飾名詞people。Currently, I am responsible for introducing a training scheme for middle-aged people having confidence in going into the tourist industry.
(目前我負責推行培訓計畫給有信心進入觀光業的中年人)現在分詞片語having confidence in going into the tourist industry後位修飾people、for middle-aged people到句子的最後是介詞片語當形容詞用,後位修飾session。這句話可以用一個小括弧和一個中括弧做處理:Currently, I am responsible for introducing a training scheme [for middle-aged people (having confidence in going into the tourist industry)].亦即在名詞之後加入五種後位修飾語的至少一種(會使用關係子句的話更好,一共六種可供運用):
以上的參考解答在這個網頁。